PU25,28-1,sheet piling, 28+1

This sheet piling chapter contains a detailed description of the available menu options for inputting data for a sheet pile or diaphragm wall project, and for calculating and viewing the results. Sheet pile walls may be cantilever or anchored walls. The first two factors, in fact, can be attributed to this (Lambe and Whitman 1969). Other aspects of "peculiar" clay behavior, such as sensitivity, swelling (expansive soils), and low, effective-φ angles are also explainable by this factor. PU25 cantilever walls derive support from adequate embedment below the stream channel. Besides the familiar Windows options for opening and saving files, the File menu contains a number of options specific to D-SHEET PILING PU 28+1: Steel cantilever walls are limited to wall heights of 15 to 20 feet, while vinyl cantilever walls are limited to 6 to 10 feet.

The examples provide a convenient starting point for familiarization with the program. The third factor, the interaction between clay particles and water (at microscopic scale), is the main cause of the "different" behavior of clays. Use this option to copy the contents of the active window to the Windows clipboard so that they can be pasted into another application. In practice, the overall effects of PU28-1 factors are indirectly expressed with the index properties such as LL (liquid limit), PL (plastic limit), w (water content), and e (void ratio). A high LL or PL in a soil is indicative of a more "clay-like" or "plastic" behavior. The contents will be pasted in either text format or Windows Meta File format. An anchored wall is typically required when the wall height exceeds that suitable for a PU 28 cantilever wall. Use this option to export the contents of the active window (input diagram or output charts and diagrams) as a Windows Meta File (*.wmf), a Drawing Exchange File (*.dxf) or a text file (*.txt). Anchored sheet pile walls derive support from embedment in the soil and the anchor force(s) applied to the piling wall.

In general, if the natural water content, w, is closer to PL, the clay may be expected to be stiff, overconsolidated, and have a high undrained shear strength. After clicking the PU 28-1 button in the Export to window, the Export complete window opens displaying three choices:
Open to open the file containing the exported window; Close to close the Export complete window. This option allows the report to be exported in a different format, such as pdf, rtf or html format. This option allows definition of the way D-SHEET PILING plots and reports are to be printed. Steel sheet pile is available in various shapes (types), sizes, weights, and steel grades. Click Autofit to get D-SHEET PILING to choose the best fit for the page. Z-type piles PU28 and American Society for Testing and Materials International (ASTM) A572, Grade 50 are the most common. Sheet pile may be hot-rolled or cold-rolled piles (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE),1994c). On the other hand, if w is closer to LL, the clay may be expected to be soft (The following Table), normally consolidated, and have a low, undrained shear strength; and this usually means that the undrained condition will be more critical. This option will display a print preview of the current contents of the Input Diagram or Results window .Hot-rolled piles are formed into the final shape with the interlocks, while the steel is in the molten state. The printer, paper size, orientation and margins can be defined as well as whether and where axes are required for plots. Material specifications often allow either hot-rolled or cold-rolled piles PU28+1 .This usually (but not always) means that the drained condition may be more critical (with respect to the overall stability and the passive resistance of the bearing stratum in a sheet pile problem).

This option prints the current contents of the Input Diagram or Results window. Hot-rolled steel sheet piles are fabricated into the final shape from flat plate steel. This option will display a print preview of the calculation report. The interlocks for hot rolled PU 25 piles are stronger than cold-formed pile interlocks and may allow easier and straighter driving in hard driving conditions and allow less soil migration though the interlocks. This option prints the calculation report. Typically, less seepage and material loss are allowed through hot-rolled interlocks. Cold-rolled piles are usually acceptable for stream restoration and stabilization projects.